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Sains Malaysiana 54(1)(2025): 255-263
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5401-20
Ameliorative
Effects of Betanin in Mice with Trimethyltin-Induced
Pancreatic and Hepatocytic Alterations
(Kesan Amelioratif Betanin pada Tikus dengan Perubahan Pankreas dan Hepatosit Terinduksi Trimethyltin)
Wachiryah Thong-asa*, Yanisa Detpakdee
& Kanlayawadee Srisoonthon
Animal Toxicology
and Physiology Specialty Research Unit (ATPSRU), Department of Zoology, Faculty
of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900
Thailand
Received: 28 May
2024/Accepted: 4 November 2024
Abstract
The
effects of TMT on metabolic alteration are on the rise, including obesity and
diabetes. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect
of betanin (Bet) against TMT-induced glycemic disturbance and pancreatic and hepatocytic alterations, expanding on TMT’s and
Bet’s effects on metabolic diseases. Fifty male Institute of Cancer Research
(ICR) mice were randomly divided into Sham-veh,
TMT-L-veh, TMT-H-veh,
TMT-L-Bet100, and TMT-H-Bet100 groups. A low dose (L) (1 mg/kg) and high dose
(H) (2.6 mg/kg) of TMT were given via one-time intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection before intragastric gavage administration
of treatments for 4 consecutive weeks. A weekly oral glucose tolerance test
(OGTT) was conducted for glycemic control capacity
evaluation with serum insulin assessment. Pancreatic and hepatic tissues were
collected to analyze islet number and beta cell
density, glycogen content, and histopathology. TMT exposure did not
significantly change glycemic control capacity or
serum insulin level (p > 0.05). TMT significantly reduced pancreatic beta
cell density, and this was accompanied by a decrease in hepatic glycogen
content and an increase in hepatosteatosis and
inflammation (p < 0.05). Treatment with Bet significantly alleviated all
these alterations (p < 0.05). Bet showed alleviative effects against
TMT-induced pancreatic and hepatocytic alterations, including preventing
pancreatic beta cell damage, maintaining the liver’s glycogen content, anti-hepatosteatosis, and anti-inflammation.
Keywords:
Betanin; glycemic control; hepatosteatosis;
pancreatic beta cell; trimethyltin
Abstrak
Kesan TMT pada perubahan metabolik semakin meningkat, termasuk obesiti dan diabetes. Dalam kajian ini,
kami berhasrat untuk mengkaji kesan perlindungan betanin (Bet) terhadap gangguan glisemik aruhan-TMT dan perubahan pankreas dan hepatosit, mengembangkan kesan TMT dan Bet
pada penyakit metabolik.
Lima puluh tikus jantan Institut Penyelidikan Kanser (ICR) secara rawak dibahagikan kepada kumpulan Sham-veh, TMT-L-veh, TMT-H-veh, TMT-L-Bet100 dan TMT-H-Bet100. Dos rendah (L) (1 mg/kg) dan dos tinggi (H) (2.6 mg/kg) TMT diberikan melalui satu suntikan intraperitoneal (i.p.) sebelum diberikan rawatan gavage intragastrik selama 4 minggu berturut-turut. Ujian toleransi glukosa oral secara mingguan (OGTT) telah dijalankan untuk penilaian kapasiti kawalan glisemik dengan penilaian insulin serum. Tisu pankreas dan hati dikumpul untuk analisis nombor kelompok dan ketumpatan sel beta, kandungan glikogen dan histopatologi. Pendedahan TMT tidak banyak mengubah kapasiti kawalan glisemik atau aras insulin serum (p > 0.05). TMT mengurangkan ketumpatan sel beta pankreas dengan ketara dan menurunkan kandungan glikogen hepatik dan peningkatan dalam hepatosteatosis dan keradangan (p <0.05). Rawatan dengan Bet telah mengurangkan semua perubahan ini dengan ketara (p < 0.05). Bet menunjukkan kesan pengurangan terhadap perubahan pankreas dan hepatosit aruhan TMT, termasuk mencegah kerosakan sel beta pankreas, mengekalkan kandungan glikogen hati, anti-hepatosteatosis dan anti-keradangan.
Kata kunci: Betanin; kawalan glisemik; hepatosteatosis; sel beta pankreas; trimetiltin
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